Gender Identity Disorder (now called Gender Dysphoria[1] or Gender incongruence[2]) was a medical diagnosis used to describe transgender people. It is described as a marked difference between a person's gender identity and the gender they are assigned by others which lasts for at least six months. It also often includes a strong desire to change one's gender expression and sex characteristics to match gender identity, and to be perceived as that gender by others[3].
Gender Identity Disorder is treated by supporting the patient as they transition, particularly by granting access to medical transition procedures. The purpose of the diagnosis is in part to ensure that medical transition is accessible to transgender people who require it, although it can be considered a medicalization of transgender identities.
Although most standards of care encourage that the patient's desires be supported, some doctors require the patient to "prove" their diagnosis by socially transitioning for some period and/or demonstrating adherence to gender roles before granting access to medical transition. This can be considered a form of gatekeeping, particularly as it often excludes non-binary people whose identities are less recognized by those around them.
The diagnostic label gender identity disorder (GID) was used by the DSM until its reclassification as gender dysphoria in 2013, with the release of the DSM-5. The diagnosis was reclassified to better align it with medical understanding of the condition and to remove the stigma associated with the term disorder.[4][5] The wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association, publisher of the DSM-5, stated that gender nonconformity is not the same thing as gender dysphoria,[6] and that "gender nonconformity is not in itself a mental disorder. The critical element of gender dysphoria is the presence of clinically significant distress associated with the condition."[7] Some transgender people and researchers support declassification of the condition because they say the diagnosis pathologizes gender variance and reinforces the binary model of gender.[4][8]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 APA_DSM-5-Gender-Dysphoria.pdf
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Gender incongruence and transgender health in the ICD
- ↑ DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria For Gender Identity Disorder
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fraser, L; Karasic, D; Meyer, W; Wylie, K (2010). "Recommendations for Revision of the DSM Diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder in Adults". International Journal of Transgenderism 12 (2): 80–85. .
- ↑ "Gender Dysphoria" on <britannica.com>. Published 2018 by Encyclopædia Britannica Online. (no backup information provided)
- ↑ "What Is Gender Dysphoria?" on <psychiatry.org>. Published by American Psychiatric Publishing. (no backup information provided)
- ↑ "Gender Dysphoria" on <psychiatry.org>. Published by American Psychiatric Publishing. (no backup information provided)
- ↑ Newman, L (July 1, 2002). "Sex, Gender and Culture: Issues in the Definition, Assessment and Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder". Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 7 (3): 352–359. .
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